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              Cheatsheet:  Common tasks with packages (Debian and RPM)
              Credits:     http://programmmer.wordpress.com/2012/01/06/rpm-and-debian-common-tasks-for-lpic1/
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Debian

Install, upgrade and uninstall Debian binary packages.

	Install

		dpkg -i ./vim3.3-3.deb
		apt-get install vim

		install
			Install or upgrade one or more packages by name.

	Upgrade

		Upgrading a package is no different from installing one. However, you should use the -G option
		when upgrading with dpkg to ensure that the installation won't proceed if a newer version of
		the same package is already installed.

		dist-upgrade
			Upgrade automatically to new versions of Debian Linux.

		update
			Fetch a list of currently available packages. This is typically done before any changes are
			made to existing packages.

		upgrade
			Upgrade a system's complete set of packages to current versions safely. This command is
			conservative and will not process upgrades that could cause a conflict or break an existing
			configuration; it also will not remove packages.

	Uninstall

		dpkg -r elvis
		dpkg --purge elvis

		remove
		Remove specified packages.

	Obtain package information like version, content, dependencies, package integrity and installation status
	(whether or not the package is installed).

		dpkg -s apt

		List the installed packages using dpkg -l; if you don't specify a pattern, all packages will be listed:

			# dpkg -l xdm

		Use  dpkg -S to determine the package from which a particular file was installed with the filename:

			# dpkg -S /usr/bin/nl

	Important files/commands

	    /etc/apt/sources.list

		dpkg

		dpkg-reconfigure
			reconfigure an already installed package

		apt-get

		apt-cache
			query the APT cache

			   gencaches - Build both the package and source cache
			   showpkg - Show some general information for a single package
			   showsrc - Show source records
			   stats - Show some basic statistics
			   unmet - Show unmet dependencies
			   search - Search the package list for a regex pattern
			   depends - Show raw dependency information for a package
			   rdepends - Show reverse dependency information for a package
			   pkgnames - List the names of all packages in the system

		aptitude
			install
			remove
			purge
			hold
			unhold
			keep
			reinstall
			update
			full-upgrade
			search

RPM

	Install, re-install, upgrade and remove packages using RPM and YUM.

		Install

			rpm -i binutils-2.11.93.0.2-11.i386.rpm cpp-2.96-113.i386.rpm \
					glibc-devel-2.2.5-44.i386.rpm gcc-2.96-113.i386.rpm

			rpm -ih gcc-2.96-113.i386.rpm -- with hash

			yum install samba

		Upgrade

			rpm -U gcc-2.96-113.i386.rpm

			yum check-update

		Remove Packages

			yum remove httpd

			rpm -e glibc-devel

			--nodeps

				Skip dependency testing

			--test

				Runs through the motions except actually uninstalling

	Obtain information on RPM packages such as version, status, dependencies, integrity and signatures.

		Check installed Pacackages with list
			yum list

		Collect information about a particular package
			yum info httpd

		List the packages that have been installed on the system:
			# rpm -qa

		Verify Mode

			Files from installed packages can be compared against their expected configuration from the
			RPM database by using rpm -V.

			Frequently used verify options

				--nofiles
					Ignores missing files.

				--nomd5
					Ignores MD5 checksum errors.

				--nopgp
					Ignores PGP checking errors.

	Determine what files a package provides, as well as find which package a specific file comes from.

		Determine what package a particular file was installed from. Of course, not all files originate from packages:
			# rpm -qf /etc/aliases
			sendmail-8.11.6-15

		List the files contained in a package:
			# rpm -qlp gnucash-1.3.0-1.i386.rpm

		-q query mode
		-l List all of the files contained in package. When used with -p, the package is a filename.
		-p option and specify a package name instead of a package filename

	Important files/commands

		rpm
		rpm2cpio
			Extract cpio archive from RPM Package Manager (RPM) package
			rpm2cpio rpm-1.1-1.i386.rpm

		/etc/yum.conf
			YUM is configured through the  /etc/yum.conf configuration file.

		/etc/yum.repos.d/
			Repositories may be added and modified through the /etc/yum.repos.d directory

		yumdownloader
			is a program for downloading RPMs from Yum repositories.
				Download the kernel RPM to /var/tmp:
					yumdownloader --destdir /var/tmp kernel

			    List the URL for the kernel and kernel-smp RPMs:
					yumdownloader --urls kernel kernel-smp